Use of advanced analytical tools like MATLAB/SIMULINK, SCILAB/XCOS, etc. for solution of engineering problems and their applications (Application of these soft wares depends on the various problems formulated in different departments). Information literacy, information sources (media, publishers, aggregators); validity of information, plagiarism and legal aspects.
Philosophy of Engineering Design: techniques and analysis, synthesis and evaluation; The creative process: Design in the Corporate Environment: engineering research, marketing, finance and other corporate functions – and comprehensive design. Development Engineering; post-initial design development of new products, value engineering; development testing vs experimental research; case studies. Integrated treatment of mathematical modeling and analysis of systems. Modeling linear and nonlinear systems and their performance under transient, periodic and random loads, time domain and transfer techniques for linear continuous and discrete time systems. Transfer function, integral equation representation, and state model for selected control systems. State variable methods. State transition matrix for time- invariant and time varying continuous and discrete systems. Solving practical Engineering problems using
MATLAB/SIMULINK, MAPLE, MATHEMATICA, etc). Adjoint Systems. Singularity functions and superposition integrals for linear systems. Distributed parameter system analysis. Selected numerical analysis methods and applications. Theory of design, material consideration, optimization techniques, similitude, stability, design of experiments and evaluation of results.
A proposal report to be written and presented by the Masters degree student as a seminar to staff and students of ACE-SPED and other interested stake-holders.
Review of sensors (voltage, current, power, torque, frequency, temperature, flow rate, position and pressure sensors). Review of Laplace Transforms for (representing process control systems and solving ordinary differential equations). First Order System, Second Order System, Integrating Systems and Dead Time in Controller Algorithms. Coordinate Transform (dqo axis transform) of Multiphase Variables (such as voltage, current and flux) for dynamic and steady state systems. Modeling and Simulation of Dynamic Systems. State Vector Modeling/Analysis of Controlled Devices/Systems. Stability Analysis Methods of Linear and Nonlinear Control Systems using the Continuous Time and Discrete Time Space Vector Control Concepts.
Classification of Instruments in Power Plant – Mechanical Instruments and Electrical Instruments; Thermal Power Station, Combined/Cogen Plant; Power Plant operation – efficiency, reliability, accuracy, cost and safety; operating values and ranges of parameters – temperature, pressure, flow and levels; plant safety lifecycles and safety integrity levels; Power Plant control system – integrating process control and substation automation; control types – model based coordinated control concept, adaptive control, gain-scheduling control
Overview of renewable energy technologies with focus on Solar, Wind, Bioenergy, Hydropower (Pico, Micro, Small-scale & Large-scale), Geothermal, Tidal, Wave, Hydrogen and Fuel Cells etc. Brief review of conventional and emerging energy systems (technical, economic and environmental relevance and impact). Identification of renewable and non-renewable energy sources. Renewable energy resources assessment techniques and exploitation technologies. Solar resource evaluation techniques, physical basis of solar radiation, photoelectric effect, definitions and explanations of key terms in photovoltaic (PV) technology – direct/diffuse/global radiation/Albedo/Air mass, solar cells, module make-up, mono and polycrystalline and amorphous modules, thin-film, dye sensitized and organic cells. Solar thermal technology, geothermal tidal, and wave technologies: Hydrogen, Fuel cells, Free energy (fly wheel etc).
Nexus between renewable energy and Africa’s development. Types of biomass and their basic properties. Overview of biomass processing technologies. Applications of biomass. Economics of biomass. Trends in biomass energy utilization in Sub-Saharan Africa. Introduction to RE softwares such as RETScreen, HOMER, etc).
Review of structures, characteristics, modelling, safe operating requirement and protection of silicon/silicon-carbide/gallium-nitride based power semiconductor devices namely:
i. Power Diodes.
ii. Power Transistors (Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJTs), Fields Effect Transistors (FETs), Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistors (MOSFETs), Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBTs)).
iii. Thyristors (Silicon controlled Rectifiers (SCRs), Gate Turn off Thyristors (GTOs), Triacs and MOS controlled Thyristors (MCTs)).
Power semiconductor device integration and fabrication techniques to achieve high breakdown voltages, high current carrying capability, low on resistance, fast switching speed and high reliability
Instrumentation and designations; Mechanical equipment with names and numbers; All valves and their identifications; Process piping, sizes and identifications; Miscellaneous – vents, drains, special fittings, sampling lines, reducers, increasers and swaggers; Permanent start-up and flush lines; Flow diagrams; Interconnections references; Control inputs and outputs, interlocks; Seismic category; Interfaces for class changes; Quality level; Annunciation inputs; Computer control system input; Equipment rating or capacity; P&ID examples.
Power Flow Problems – numerical methods for solution of AC and DC models of the power system. Analysis of faulted power system - balanced and unbalanced faults. Symmetrical components, sequence impedances of power system components – transmission lines, series and shunt faults, simultaneous faults. Power System Stability – Analysis of steady state stability of simple and complex power system.
Industrial Internship for a duration of one month is compulsory for all ACE-SPED students. The internship, which is expected to be undertaken in one of our Sectoral partners establishments/industries/firms could lead to a project research and will culminate in a seminar presentation at the end of the internship.
ACE students are required to carry out a research-based project in any of the thematic areas of ACE-SPED under the guidance of an academic staff appointed by the Centre. This will be 42 captured in a standard Project Report to be examined orally by a Board of Internal and External Examiners as laid down in the guidelines of the School of Postgraduate Studies of the University of Nigeria. The report shall not have been, in part of in full submitted for any other diploma or degree of this University or of another educational institution
Digital logic families, linear integrated circuit components, small signal discrete components and their main specifications. Common transducers, Microprocessor programmed logic. Design of firing/gating logic circuits for controlled rectifiers, inverters, choppers and cyclo-converters. Design of voltage, current, power and frequency regulation circuits for motor drives and power supplies. Microprocessor-based logic control methods.
Smart instruments; basic concepts of wireless technologies – antennas, modern wireless technologies, available standards, their properties, advantages and disadvantages, requirements in industrial applications; bandwidth, range and power; radio systems and spectrums; Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA); wireless Ethernet, Bluetooth and other wireless technologies; applications of smart and wireless technologies.
List of codes, standards and regulatory requirements, Units of measurements, Design life cycle, Conceptual process design, Design practices, Hazard analysis and risk management, Safety requirement specification development, Conceptual safety instrumented systems (SIS) design, Detailed SIS design, Testing and verification practices, Manufacturing and assembly practices, Installation and commissioning, Operations and maintenance, Modifications, Decommissioning, Conclusion.
Classical analysis and design of sampled data control system; Z-transform, sampling of continuous time functions, data system. State variable formulation of linear and non-linear discrete time systems. Stability of discrete time systems, Application of Lyapunov’s second
method. Optimal control of discrete systems, Discrete time maximum principle; sensitivity. Computer solutions.
The electric power system: from producer to consumer – an historical overview and technical progress, power transmission with high voltage alternating currents (HVAC) and high voltage direct currents (HVDC). The design of power system, required components, their principle function and design laws, regulations and standards behind power system substations and switchyards. Insulation and isolators: Free air, GIS, Solids, etc. Calculation models for transient conditions, connection/disconnection, lightning and switching over voltages, fault currents, oscillations and resonances, neutral grounding, relay protection, measurement equipment.
Grid-connected PV and wind systems. Power Electronic Transformers: Power Electronics DC transformer (PEDCT) and Power Electronics AC Transformer (PEACT). FACTS Devices: Static Var Compensators (SVC), Static Comparator (STATCOM) and Thyristor Controlled Phase Shifter (TCPST). Active Power Filters (APF). Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC). Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS). Concept of Multilevel inverters (MLIs).
Choice of broad research area with considerations of interdisciplinary topics, Identification of research/ knowledge gaps and research objectives. Role of technical reports in engineering projects. Fundamental principles of technical writing. Format of different types of reports, outlines, purpose and scope, technical discussion details, role of appendix, function of figures, equation editors, tables and illustration. Literature search, references (citing’s and listings). Nature of recommendations and conclusions. Guides for writing memoranda, business letters. Oral presentation of technical reports and thesis. Synopsis writing Developing long-term research plan, Identification of potential funding agencies and their requirements. Research objectives in relation to interests of the funding agencies. Estimating Page 13 of 14 research timelines, Budget preparation, manpower requirements and availability, research facilities, legal
issues, etc.
Advanced version of ACE 60
A proposal report to be written and presented by the PhD candidate as a seminar to staff and students of ACE-SPED and other interested stake-holders.
Power Electronics switches, topologies and control. Advanced switching topologies and modern control techniques. Application of Power Electronics in Drives, Power Systems and Renewable Energy and other utilities. Methods of obtaining controller parameters
Industrial Internship for a duration of one month is compulsory for all ACE-SPED students. The internship, which is expected to be undertaken in one of our Sectoral partners could lead to a project research and will culminate in a seminar presentation at the end.
A final progress report to be written and presented by the PhD candidate as a seminar to staff and students of ACE-SPED and other interested stake-holders. After successful revisions the PhD thesis shall be sent to a duly appointed External Examiner. Final examination of the thesis shall be by viva voce presentation
A thesis shall embody original scholarship and independent research which must make a distinct contribution to knowledge in an area of control and instrumental engineering. The thesis must be submitted in an approved format and defended in an oral examination.
Transducer Types, characteristics and applications, position, speed; flow rate pressure, and temperature control methods and applications. Computer aided optimization techniques for the transient response of classical and modem feedback control techniques
Review of Measurement Techniques of temperature, pressure, flow, and level. Application, selection and calibration of sensors. Introduction to safety instrumented systems – hazards and 47 risk, process hazards analysis (PHA), safety life cycle, control and safety systems, safety integrity level (SIL), selection, verification and validation. Block diagram of a typical process, instrumentation symbols, abbreviations and identification for instruments: mechanical equipment, electrical equipment. Instruments and automation systems. Process flow diagram (PFD). Piping and instrumentation diagram (P&ID)